Manipur Chief Minister N. Biren Singh Resigns Amid Ongoing Ethnic Unrest – What’s Next for the Troubled State?
On February 9, 2025, N. Biren Singh, the Chief Minister of Manipur, tendered his resignation amid prolonged ethnic unrest in the state. His departure comes nearly two years after the onset of violent clashes between the Meitei and Kuki communities, which have resulted in over 250 fatalities and the displacement of approximately 60,000 individuals.
Background of the Conflict
The strife in Manipur, a northeastern state of India, primarily involves tensions between the majority Meitei community and the minority Kuki community. The discord centers on disputes over economic benefits and job reservations. The Meitei community has sought Scheduled Tribe (ST) status, aiming for greater access to government job quotas and other affirmative action benefits. Conversely, the Kuki community perceives this demand as a threat to their existing privileges and has accused the state government, under Singh’s leadership, of favoring the Meitei populace.
Political Developments Leading to the Resignation
Singh, a member of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), faced mounting pressure from both opposition parties and allies within his coalition. The opposition Congress party had planned to introduce a no-confidence motion against his government in the upcoming legislative assembly session. Anticipating this challenge, Singh submitted his resignation to the state’s governor, Ajay Kumar Bhalla, who accepted it and requested that Singh continue in a caretaker capacity until a successor is appointed.
Internal dissent also plagued Singh’s administration. In November 2024, the National People’s Party (NPP), a key ally in the ruling coalition, withdrew its support, citing Singh’s inability to effectively address the escalating crisis. Additionally, BJP lawmakers periodically called for his resignation, expressing dissatisfaction with his handling of the situation.
Singh’s Perspective and Statements
In his resignation letter, Singh expressed gratitude to the central government for its interventions in Manipur. He emphasized the need for continued action against border infiltration and the deportation of illegal immigrants, attributing part of the state’s turmoil to an influx of refugees from Myanmar following the 2021 military coup there.
Implications and Future Prospects
Singh’s resignation marks a significant turning point in Manipur’s political landscape. The state has a history of political instability, having been under President’s Rule multiple times. The current situation raises questions about the potential imposition of President’s Rule again or the appointment of a new chief minister to navigate the state through this tumultuous period.
The prolonged ethnic violence has severely impacted Manipur’s social fabric and economy. The incoming leadership faces the formidable task of restoring peace, ensuring justice for affected communities, and fostering reconciliation between the Meitei and Kuki groups. Addressing the root causes of the conflict, such as disputes over economic benefits and job quotas, will be crucial for long-term stability.
In conclusion, N. Biren Singh’s resignation underscores the complexities of governing a state beset by deep-seated ethnic divisions and political challenges. The path forward for Manipur will require inclusive dialogue, equitable policy measures, and sustained efforts to rebuild trust among its diverse communities.
